Understanding AC vs DC charging has gotten complicated with all the technical terminology flying around. As someone who installs EV charging systems and explains them daily, I learned everything there is to know about this distinction. Today, I’ll share it all with you.
The Simple Explanation
Probably should have led with this section, honestly — your EV battery stores DC (direct current) power. Your home provides AC (alternating current) power. Something has to convert AC to DC before charging your battery.
AC Charging (Level 1 and Level 2)
That’s what makes AC charging simpler for home installation — the conversion happens inside your car using its onboard charger. The “charger” you install at home is really just a power delivery device. This limits charging speed to what your car’s onboard charger can handle (typically 7-11kW).
DC Fast Charging
DC fast chargers convert AC to DC externally in the charging station, then feed DC power directly to your battery. This bypasses the car’s limited onboard charger, enabling much higher power delivery (50-350kW). But the equipment is expensive and requires commercial-grade electrical infrastructure.
What This Means for You
Home charging uses AC. It’s slower but adequate for overnight charging of daily driving. DC fast charging handles road trips at commercial stations. Understanding this distinction helps you plan charging infrastructure appropriately.
